Aware of the various elements of an annual budget cycle and its components

Lists the aggregate levels of tax collection and public spending to ensure consistency with fiscal deficit targets

Recommends that public resources be allocated according to agreed-upon strategic priorities of the budget

Recognises the importance of PFM systems to ensure operational efficiency to achieve maximum value for money in the delivery of services

Contributes to transparency in the communication of public resource allocation by applying democratic checks and balances to ensure accountability

Describes elements of medium-term budget framework (Resource Availability, Current Spending Needs and Future Resource Allocations for New Initiatives)

Promotes transparency, using Open Budget Index (OBI), by offering public access to fiscal information to ensure accountability

Categorises budgetary limitations according to the level (The upper levels, such as appropriation, apportionment, etc. and the lower levels of control are used for internal management)

Synthesises the PFM system through elements of a cash management plan to ensure operational efficiency

Identifies tools for the effective management of fiscal risks, components of fiscal transparency, reliable fiscal reports, and internal and external audits

Monitors the implementation of the medium-term budget framework (defining fiscal targets, baseline estimates for future costs, projections, allocation of budget margin, etc.)

Utilizes novel software/ tools of technical assistance to build the revenue mobilization capacity of the nation (eg. PFMS in India)

Develops budget execution workflow approval process to promote ease in government fund management

Streamlines the operational efficiency of the PFM system through Public Expenditure & Financial Accountability (PEFA) assessment framework

Encourages use of anti-corruption tools and approaches in audits, legislative oversight in designing the external audit report

Assesses the objectives of the medium-term budget framework to improve macro-fiscal discipline and sustainability of finances and its impact on the government policy

Promotes the use of innovative techniques (use of behavioural insights, etc.) to increase the tax base of the nation

Administers the budget execution report (including the budget execution transactions, their success and deficiencies, if any)

Employs technically efficient systems to improve budget credibility given their existing operational capacities

Reforms the public expenditure management and financial accountability audit systems